HIV treatment optimism and fertility intention of HIV-infected persons in Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Fertility intention of People Living with HIV (PLHTV) creates a potential for increased sexual transmission of HIV and other STIs during natural pregnancy conception attempts. There is however paucity of data on the association between attitude and belief of PLHIV about HIV treatment and their fertility intention. This study aimed to determine the association between HIV treatment optimism and fertility intention among PLHIV and the role of other predictors in mediating this association. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of heterosexual adults living with HIV was conducted using a questionnaire survey. HIV treatment optimism scores ranged from 5 to 20. Scores <14 were considered as realistic and >14 as optimistic. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 5% significance level. Results: Mean age of the respondents was 35.8 ± 7.1 years and 82.4% were females. HIV treatment optimism was associated with fertility intention (p=0.037). Predictors of fertility intention were being HIV treatment optimistic [OR 1.76 (1.19-2.61)], being a female [OR 1.67(1.02-2.74)], non-disclosure of HIV status to partner [OR 2.28(1.13-4.62)], partner being HIV negative [OR 7.88(1.59-39.12)] or positive [OR 15.72(2.65-93.42)], unknown partner HAART status [OR 10.31(2.18-48.80)], being in a short relationship [OR 0.99(0.99-1.00)] and having <2 living lifetime children [OR 10.02(1.79-55.99)]. Conclusion: Attitudes and beliefs of PLHIV about HIV treatment influences their fertility intentions. To attain the goal of zero new HIV infection, adequate education and counselling that will bring about safer and healthier reproductive attitudes and behaviors would be of value particularly among individuals with characteristics influencing the association.