Cancer of the Uterus in the Western State of Nigeria

Abstract

The problem of uterine cancer in Western Nigeria and its differing pattern from that seen in temperate climates is discussed in the light of a recently completed 6-year survey in which 4502 malignant tumours were classified by site, age and sex. The survey demonstrated that circumcision in the male and a low incidence of penile cancer does not prevent a high ratio frequency of cancer of the cervix, thus confirming previous conclusions that there is no relationship between the incidence of carcinoma of the penis or circumcisional habits in the male and cancer of the cervix in Africa South of the Sahara. Irrespective of the exact incidence of cervical cancer the lack of sophisticated medical centres capable of undertaking some form of therapy throws a tremendous burden on the few that exist as they may be, by referrals, responsible for a population of many million. To add to the problem, the majority of patients present at a late stage of the disease, radiotherapy is not available, and for many there is no possibility of cure or even palliative therapy. The need for prevention is manifest and the possibility of instituting such a programme is discussed in the light of conditions pertaining in Western Nigeria. In addition to cervical cancer malignant disease of the trophoblast is also a problem of magnitude in Ibadan. The aetiology of this condition is discussed and the possibility of multiple infections and infestations especially malaria being factors in its pathogenesis considered. Endometrial cancer occurs in low incidence and this finding is in keeping with previous reports from Ibadan and other areas of tropical Africa.