Prevalence and correlates of mental health problems among awaiting trial inmates in a prison facility in Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

Prevalence of mental health problems are frequently higher within the prison populations than the general population. Previous studies of prison mental health had focused on convict populations whereas, the awaiting trial segment of the prison population in Nigeria has gradually become the majority of the total lock-up. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of mental health problems among the awaiting trial inmates in a prison facility in Ibadan. Methods: A cross sectional study design was employed to interview 725 awaiting trial inmates of Agodi Prison, Ibadan, Nigeria. A two phase procedure was utilized with initial screening using a socio-demographic questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -12); followed by a second phase with all high scorers on the GHQ -12 and 10% of the low scorers evaluated using the MINI International Neuropsychiatry Inventory (MINI). Results: A total of 394 respondents participated in the second phase of the study with a mean age of 31.1 years (SD = 8.7), with ages ranging from 18-70 years. The mean duration of incarceration at Agodi was 1.1 years (SD = 1.47), with a range of 1 week to 10 years. The prevalence of mental illness was 56.6% with the commonest conditions being depression (20.8%), alcohol dependence (20.6%) ,substance dependence (20.1%), suicidality (19.8%) and antisocial personality disorder (18%). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of neuropsychiatry disorders among awaiting trial inmates but this does not appear to be significantly different from that of convict populations