Pre-hospital treatment of febrile illness in children attending the General Outpatients Clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

Many childhood febrile illnesses arc treated at home prior to presentation. This study gathered information on treatment practices of caregivers for febrile illnesses in an urban area. A Cross sectional survey of consenting guardians of 535 consecutive febrile children under 10 years presenting at General Outpatients* (GOP) Clinic. University College Hospital. Ibadan was carried out. Thick blood smears were examined for malaria parasite. The mean (SD) age of the febrile children was 3.2 (2.8) years. Nineteen (17.5%) children were brought within 24 hours of noticing fever. Malaria was presumed to be the diagnosis by 217 (40.6%) respondents; 247 (46.2%) did not know the cause of fever. Most. 469 (87.7%) respondents gave drugs bought from chemists/pharmacy shops before presentation at the GOP. Paracetamol |380 (81.0%)| and chloroquine 1171 (36.5%)| were the most commonly used drugs. Twenty-six (15.2%) respondents used chloroquine correctly. One hundred and ninety-nine of 476 children (41.8%) were smear positive and 88 of 191(46.1%) children whose guardians presumed malaria had parasites. This study reiterates the fact that majority of childhood febrile illnesses arc first treated at home. It underscores the need to empower caregivers by appropriate education on knowledge, attitude and practice of the management including home management of malaria